英國高等院校根據(jù)其性質(zhì)、特點(diǎn)和學(xué)位授予情況的不同而分為不同類型。目前共有大學(xué)90多所，學(xué)院123所，高等教育學(xué)院50所。

英國的大學(xué)都是獨(dú)立的法人實(shí)體，均有學(xué)位授予權(quán)，可自主設(shè)置不同課程，并根據(jù)開設(shè)課程授予各級(jí)學(xué)位。除白金漢大學(xué)為私立大學(xué)以外，其他大學(xué)均為公立大學(xué)。

 
 

高等教育文憑證書(Diploma in Higher Education)和高等文憑證書(Higher Diploma)，英國在一些學(xué)院和高等教育學(xué)校開設(shè)兩年制或三年制的專業(yè)課程。兩年制課程完成后，學(xué)生考試合格，可獲取高等教育文憑證書(Diploma in Higher Education),學(xué)生畢業(yè)后，如果申請本科生課程，其兩年制所學(xué)課程有可能被錄取大學(xué)認(rèn)可。三年制課程主要為工業(yè)界培養(yǎng)職業(yè)學(xué)生，學(xué)生畢業(yè)后，可獲得高等文憑證書(Higher Diploma)。

Twenty-six per cent of Access to Higher Education students left university with a First class deGREe last year, despite many of them having left school without the qualifications they needed to enter higher education.

去年，在接受高等教育的學(xué)生中，有26%的人在大學(xué)畢業(yè)時(shí)獲得了一級(jí)學(xué)位，盡管他們中的許多人在離校時(shí)沒有獲得進(jìn)入高等教育所需的資格。

The 2017-18 Access to Higher Education (HE) statistics, published today, show that: 37,045 students registered to study for an Access Diploma 23,295 Access students were offered places to start university in September 2018 25.6% of Access students graduating university in 2018 achieved a First, compared with the UK average of 26.4% 50% of Access to HE registrations were to health courses 34% of Access students (over 8,000) entered HE to study nursing.

 
 

2017 - 18接受高等教育(他)統(tǒng)計(jì),今天發(fā)表,表明:37045名學(xué)生注冊學(xué)習(xí)一個(gè)訪問文憑23295訪問學(xué)生提供地方開始大學(xué)2018年9月2018年25.6%的訪問學(xué)生畢業(yè)大學(xué)取得了第一,相比之下,英國26.4%的平均水平50%的訪問他注冊健康課程34%的訪問學(xué)生(超過8000)進(jìn)入他學(xué)習(xí)護(hù)理。

'A student entering university through the Access to HE route is more than twice as likely as a student entering with other qualifications to be over 25 and from a disadvantaged background,' says Julie Mizon, who manages the Access programme for the Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education (QAA).

英國高等教育質(zhì)量保證機(jī)構(gòu)(QAA)入學(xué)項(xiàng)目負(fù)責(zé)人朱莉·麥克森(Julie Mizon)說:“通過高等教育入學(xué)途徑進(jìn)入大學(xué)的學(xué)生年齡超過25歲、來自貧困家庭的可能性是其他途徑的學(xué)生的兩倍多。”

They are also 50% more likely to have a disability or mental health condition and are three times more likely to be black than students entering from other routes.

他們也有50%的可能有殘疾或精神健康問題，黑人學(xué)生進(jìn)入學(xué)校的可能性是其他途徑學(xué)生的三倍。

This shows the importance of Access in helping widen participation into higher education.

這顯示了獲得機(jī)會(huì)在幫助擴(kuò)大高等教育參與方面的重要性。

'In addition, Access students demonstrate the learning gain that can be achieved through grit, determination and a commitment to succeed, matching the average university student almost grade for grade.

此外，Access學(xué)生展示了通過勇氣、決心和對成功的承諾可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的學(xué)習(xí)收獲，幾乎與普通大學(xué)生的年級(jí)相當(dāng)。

' Today's report shows that 50% of Access to Higher Education registrations in 2017-18 were to health courses, with more than a third of Access university entrants choosing to study for a Nursing degree.

今天的報(bào)告顯示，2017年至2018年，50%的高等教育注冊是健康課程，超過三分之一的進(jìn)入大學(xué)的學(xué)生選擇攻讀護(hù)理學(xué)位。

More than three-quarters of Access students going on to higher education studied close to home, with north east and north west figures for attending a local institution particularly high at 90% and 84% respectively.

在接受高等教育的學(xué)生中，超過四分之三的人是在離家不遠(yuǎn)的地方學(xué)習(xí)的，東北和西北地區(qū)在當(dāng)?shù)卮髮W(xué)就讀的比例尤其高，分別為90%和84%。

'Access to Higher Education was designed as a flexible course with its roots in the local education and industrial community,' says Julie Mizon.

Julie Mizon說:“接受高等教育被設(shè)計(jì)成一門靈活的課程，它植根于當(dāng)?shù)氐慕逃凸I(yè)社區(qū)。”

'That was its foundation when it launched 40 years ago, and it's just as relevant today.

這是40年前該公司成立時(shí)的基礎(chǔ)，今天依然適用。

 
 

We're working closely with the Access Validating Agencies that design the courses to make sure we're increasing provision in the areas with a projected skills shortage.

我們正在與設(shè)計(jì)課程的準(zhǔn)入驗(yàn)證機(jī)構(gòu)密切合作，以確保我們在預(yù)計(jì)技能短缺的領(lǐng)域增加供應(yīng)。

'We want next year's Access students to be qualified and ready four or five years from now to work in the areas where they are most needed, such as IT, teaching and nursing and maternity services.'

“我們希望明年入學(xué)的學(xué)生從現(xiàn)在起的四五年內(nèi)具備資格，準(zhǔn)備好在最需要他們的領(lǐng)域工作，比如IT、教學(xué)、護(hù)理和產(chǎn)科服務(wù)。”

所以，靈活的英國教育理念，讓英國的學(xué)生去選擇專業(yè)的包容度還是很寬松的。那么，進(jìn)入中國大學(xué)的學(xué)生，假設(shè)進(jìn)入大一就覺得不喜歡自己的專業(yè)，可以立刻馬上啟動(dòng)申請。在大二的時(shí)候，拿到英國大學(xué)的錄取通知書，就給重新選擇專業(yè)，多了一次機(jī)會(huì)。國內(nèi)的大一學(xué)習(xí)，可以替代英國的預(yù)科課程，讀后續(xù)的三年本科課程，即可拿到英國本科學(xué)歷。